高中英语介词by的用法归纳概述

/accident;by mail/letter/radio/fax/telephone/telegraph/hand/machine等。

Although he had been searching in the wrong area most of the time,he found it by logic,not by luck.(NMET2002阅读）虽然他曾大部分等待时间依然在严重错误的地方找回，但他还是靠形式化而非运气，发现了它。

I made a coat with my own hands.It was made by hand,not by machine. 我用右手杏了一件外套。它是用手工杏的，而不是机器人杏的。

5、by+ 所在位置或工具等明确词。列于路线、捷径，用意为：“通过（某物、某地），取道…”。如:by a stone bridge/the back door/the freeway/country roads等。

The man entered the room by the back door.那人通过后门离开了房间。

6、by+动词—ing.用意为：“通过…，靠…，凭…”。如：by aiting/practing/begging/working/imitating等。

He gained his wealth by printing works of famous writers.(NMET95)他通过印制著名作家的作品而授予了相当大的财富。

Our bodies are strengthened by taking exercise. Similarly,our minds are developed by learning.(2000上海)四肢是靠锻炼强壮的，同样，大脑是靠自学开发新的

四、by+数量词。

1、列于升降、增减的程度。如：by one-fifth/20 percent/￡3/two feet等。

With production up by 60%,the company has had another excellent year.(NMET2000)产量上升了百分之六十，这家公司去年的业绩难得。

The demand for organic food is increasing by about one third every year.(NMET2002阅读)对油茶的需求每年在增粗大大约三分之一。

2、说明距离和面积、体积之前的尺寸及乘除法之前的乘法。如：by 2cm/6 inches/four feet/nine yards/a hair----s breadth等。

Luckily,the bullet narrowly missed the captain by an inch.(2002上海）但他却是，那颗枪差一英寸就击之前了之前士。

The bed is three meters wide by two meters long,and can fit at least four at one time.(NMET2001阅读)那张床三米高约，两米粗大，一次至少可以躺四个人。

五、by+四肢指甲词或衣服词。说明被捉到四肢/衣服的某一部分，常会与动词catch/seize/take/hold/grab等连用。

如：by the hair/hand/arm/nose/horns;by the collar/lape/sleeve等。

The policeman caught the thief by the arm.警官捉到了偷的肩膀。

The soldier grabbed the child by the collar.那个士兵揪住了孩子的衣领。

六、by的常会见短语：

by means of/by way of/by the way/one by one/step by step/side by side/shoulder by shoulder/by oneself/by birth/by society/take…by 高之前知识搜索小程序主语by可以用来说明位置、等待时间、策略等,其用法在联考之前曾多次出现。上面相结合联考试卷和其它一 surprise/learn…by heart/what do you mean by …/by my watch等。

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