CBN Friday Special丨Wentian lab module marks new breakthrough in China’s ambitious space quest

pical feature of Wentian is that it integrates the platform function and the test load function. The main equipment in the cabin is arranged in the work cabin, loaded with eight experimental cabinets, as well as the equipment required for the flight.

Besides, Wentian provides one more exit, one more kitchen, one sanitary area, one emergency shelter, as well as three sleeping zones for the astronauts, thus greatly extending the living and working space for them.

S: China began constructing the space station in April 2021 with the launch of the Tianhe module, the main living quarters, in the first of 11 crewed and uncrewed missions in the undertaking.

As a member of the "China Space Station" family, Wentian and other family members play different roles. The basic configuration of the Chinese space station is the Tianhe core module, Wentian module and Mengtian module, which means “Dreaming of the Heavens”.

The Tianhe core module launched on April 29, 2021, is the most important part of the space station, and other modules will be installed on its interface, which is also the main living space of astronauts. The key platform functions of Wentian and Tianhe are the same, which can fully cover the working requirements of the space station assembly.

Wentian is designed mainly for the study of space life sciences, which can support the growth, development, genetics and aging of multiple species of plants, animals and microorganisms under space conditions. More than 10 research directions have been planned and more than 40 scientific projects have been established for the Wentian.

Mengtian, which is expected to be launched in October and, like Wentian, is to dock with Tianhe, forming a T-shaped structure and mainly used for microgravity research.

(Photo by Xinhua/english.news.cn)

K: At 3:13 on Monday, the rendezvous and docking between Wentian and the Tianhe core module were completed. About 7 hours later, the astronauts of Shenzhou 14 successfully opened the door and entered the module. So, why didn't the astronauts enter Wentian immediately after rendezvous and docking?

S: Good question. In fact, when astronauts enter the module for the first time, they need to start the harmful gas purification function in advance and ensure that all channel pressures are balanced.

After entering the module, the astronauts have to carry out busy sorting work, including material handling, living environment layout, preparation work for scientific experiments and extravehicular activities, etc. Speaking of work, what do you know about the astronauts' mission this time?

K: Well, after the astronauts successfully enter the module, they will mainly carry out a series of research, mainly including four fields: space life science and biotechnology, microgravity fluid physics, space material science, and space application of new technology experiments.

S: Wow, that should keep the astronauts very busy for a while. By the way, the working environment of the astronauts in Wentian has also been comprehensively upgraded.

The upgrades include sound absorption, noise reduction and shock absorption. The module is also equipped with a special airlock for astronauts, so they can get in and out more easily and operate more conveniently.

Like the Tianhe core module, Wentian is also equipped with a mechanical arm, which not only reduces the working intensity and risk of astronauts but also flexibly and efficiently supports the extravehicular load test.

(Photo by Xinhua/english.news.cn)

K: To meet the high energy requirements for the large number of scientific experiments in space, Wentian is equipped with a pair of the largest flexible solar panels that the country has ever developed.

It also carried four big tools with a weight of more than 100 kilograms, which are called control moment gyros. The combined use of 12 control moment gyros can effectively reduce the use of fuel, and achieve the effect of energy saving. China is the third country in the world that can apply this technology.

S: The success of Wentian's extraordinary launch is of great significance to China's aerospace industry because this is the first lab module of China's space station.

This is also the first time that China's two spacecrafts have achieved rendezvous and docking in orbit, and it is also the first time that space rendezvous and docking have been carried out during the space station's astronauts' stay in orbit.

Besides, the launch has to be a zero-window launch, because Wentian needs to rendezvous and dock with the space station Tianhe core module. Otherwise, it will not be able to reach the specified position, and it will cost a lot of money to adjust the orbit; even leading to its termination.

The successful docking indicates that China is one step closer to the goal of fully completing the on-orbit construction of the space station.

K: There was a time when China had little chance to do such research. Now China can.

A browse at the past 10 years will find a clear path for China's space industry. In 2003 China became the third country to launch an astronaut into orbit on its own accord, after the former Soviet Union and the US.

The Shenzhou series of spaceships has progressed from IX to XIV, while the space station is finally coming into service. Besides, there is also the Zhurong martian probe, Xihe solar exploration satellite, as well as the Chang'e lunar probe. The Chinese are adding more footprints in space, for the common good.

S: 2022 is the decisive year for the construction of China's space station and also the 30th anniversary of the establishment and implementation of China's manned space project. The latest information released by the National Space Administration shows that more than 60 launch missions are planned this year.

The China Space Station is planned to become fully operational before the end of 2022, aiming to accomplish the in-orbit assembly of the country's most ambitious program in less than one year and a half since the launch of the Tianhe core module in April 2021. After the decommissioning of the international space station in 2024, the Chinese space station will become the only space station in space.

Before China, only the former Soviet Union and the US were capable of assembling ultra-large spacecraft in orbit. In the coming months, people on Earth will be able to witness the construction of the China Space Station, which will be completed at a speed that has no precedent in mankind's history.

And that’s it for today, see you next time.

“问天”问天！

2022年7月初24日14时22分，张口“点火”令下，问天医学研究乘员发射器赢得圆满成功，视为中华人民共和国维度站的第二名“新成员“。此次发射器的问天医学研究乘员是我国载人航天工程工程项目试行以来的第24次滑翔使命，也是杨利伟首次在架空电缆进入医学医学研究乘员。纵然浑身亦同，还是有许多人拉起酷暑，离开了海南岛文昌发射器中心当晚，当晚“目送”问天升空。

这位原先维度站新成员根本粗大什么样呢？再来看它的“威风凛凛”!

作为中华人民共和国首个医学医学研究乘员，问天医学研究乘员背负委以重任，因此体量格外加大，新设计也极为单纯。医学研究乘员乘员体总粗大17.9米，cm4.2米，发射器重量将近23吨，是我国目前为止较重、尺寸最大的单体滑翔器。除此之外，它配备的一对双自由度柔性星体帆板，全部一触即发后的翼展超过55米，比半个足球场还要粗大。另外，医学研究乘员外部署的能量基本粒子飞船、太阳风原位成像飞船，为杨利伟有益、维度站安全服务于透过保护反对，并可用以维度环境基础性研究课题。

接下来，咱们再看它的“五脏俱全”。

问天的相比较特点就是集跨平台特性与试验车滑翔中特性于依托。问天医学研究乘员由实习乘员、气闸乘员和资源乘员都是由，主要用以反对杨利伟驻留、出乘员社交活动和卓有成效维度医学医学研究，同时可作为天和核心乘员的硬盘，对维度站顺利进行管理者。乘员内装载了8个医学研究探头，包括永生自然生态医学研究探头、生物体新科技医学研究探头、变重力医学医学研究探头、医学手套箱、低温传输探头以及3个为不足之处腾出的迁出医学研究探头。还有3个清醒区、1个环境卫生区、厨房和紧急状况无家可归，以及跨平台滑翔所能够的通讯设备。

那么，问天神明，何问也？

由于太空舱环境和地球迥异，本能若要逐梦有旧空，带进地外境遇，均需再顺利进行一系列维度永生医学医学研究和研究课题，因此，“问天”此次神明与天和核心乘员迎击后，将反对杨利伟卓有成效密封乘员内、乘员外医学医学研究和新科技试验车。乘员内的8个宽1米、极低1.8米、有旧0.8米的永生自然生态医学研究探头和生物体新科技医学研究探头中，配备了9个如同抽屉一般的医学医学研究计算机管理者系统，它们承担着医学研究和研究课题的委以重任。

问天医学研究乘员以永生医学和生物体新科技研究课题为主，在维度永生医学与生物体新科技、微重力流体物理、维度材料医学、维度应用新新科技试验车等4个领域规划部署了10余个研究课题主题，目前为止已工程项目40余项医学项目，维度站开建后将持续推论、滑动试行相关医学项目。

以生物体新科技医学医学研究管理者系统为例，细胞膜组织培养出来、维度蛋白质沉淀与分析等医学研究都将在问天医学研究乘员一触即发。其中，细胞膜组织医学研究计算机管理者系统作为核心医学研究计算机管理者系统，可同时反对72个培养出来单元卓有成效维度细胞膜、组织层次的培养出来医学研究。不能接受，结构上工程师张寅反讽地将它而出名是一栋有36套72间房的“精装楼”，细胞膜组织可以直接“拎包搬进”，还可以根据需求装上“住户”。

此外，永生自然生态医学医学研究管理者系统亦是“神通广大”，主要包括CE生物体培养出来计算机管理者系统这一核心在内的七大计算机管理者系统。CE生物体培养出来计算机管理者系统则可对豆科植物生粗大所需气体组分顺利进行动态调控，并根据有所不同医学医学研究顺利进行变动，前期将卓有成效极低等豆科植物种子、嫩枝或植株的培养出来，后期可根据能够对线虫等微小动物卓有成效培养出来。总的来说，永生医学医学研究管理者系统仅有组织起来一个相对严谨的基础性生物体医学麻省理工学院，将助力本能耕渔太空舱。

为了让医学医学研究格外好地卓有成效，问天医学研究乘员为神州十四号杨利伟的境遇和医学研究透过了远胜的环境。对在架空电缆杨利伟来说，两乘员再入产生组合体，意味着太空舱家园从“一房”追加到格外宽敞的“两房”。问天医学研究乘员的实习乘员内设有3个清醒区和1个环境卫生区。完成再入后，维度站不足之处可以支撑神舟十四号、十五号两个乘组6名杨利伟构建“太空舱会师”和在架空电缆轮换，在太空舱聚在一起交接实习。

另外，问天医学研究乘员在吸音、降噪、减震等上都也顺利进行了优化追加。问天医学研究乘员还配备了一个出乘员人员专用的气闸乘员。杨利伟不仅驶入格外舒展无不，也格外易装载大体积的通讯设备出乘员实习。驶入乘员门的操作也极为单纯、方便。不仅如此，气闸乘员外的去除医学研究跨平台还配备了22个规格滑翔中端口，可以通过机械臂精准‘可用’到自己相异的滑翔中端口前方，不再能够杨利伟出乘员顺利进行人工操作。这样，既减缓了杨利伟的实习强度和风险，又可以灵活极低效反对乘员外滑翔中试验车。

虹浩瀚，920亿光年是本能可测量到的生命体为数，是目前为止本能已知的最为广阔的维度。2022年是中华人民共和国维度站兴建的必胜之年，问天都有着航天人无限的智慧、信心与坚毅，肩负着必胜中华人民共和国维度站兴建的开端委以重任，最终向这片苍穹发来响彻云霄的谢罪。

Executive Editor: Sonia YU

Editor: LI Yanxia

Host: Stephanie LI, JIA Yuxiao

Writer: Stephanie LI, JIA Yuxiao, ZENG Libin

Sound Editor: JIA Yuxiao

Graphic Designer: ZHENG Wenjing, LIAO Yuanni

Produced by 21st Century Business Herald Dept. of Overseas News.

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编委: 于晓娜

精心策划、编辑：李艳霞

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